Thailands International Business Environment and Economic...

Thailand economic international environment and economic risk Thailands economic system is a free enterprise economic system. In a free enterprise economic system various aspects of the economy are not closely monitored, the true market condition prevails whereby the prices for most basic commodities and services are demand driven. The government of Thailand has embraced this economic system although there are a few areas which are still under the governments watch for instance the gasoline and rice prices. Thailands economy is driven by agriculture where it is still the worlds leading producer of rice. Rice forms the bulk of its produce but other crops such as maize, mangoes, cassava, sugar cane, tobacco and pineapple among others are also grown. Apart from agriculture being the backbone of Thailands economy, other economic activities are also explored which include mining. The country is endowed with tin, gold, iron, coal, lead and precious stones among others. Majority of Thailands labour force are employed in the agricultural sector which is approximated to between 40% -50% of the population, and contributes to 12% of the countrys GDP. Other areas of the economy are equally improving especially in the manufacturing sector which is more diversified; investors have ventured into this area which has seen it improve significantly. Tourism also generates revenue to Thailands economy, as per the year 2011; the figures were approximated to be 6% (U.S. StateShow MoreRelatedThe Canadian Banking System1636 Words   |  7 PagesThe RBC, moreover, ranked first or second among Canadian financial institutions in earnings, market capitalization, and it was among the highest in the industry in Canada. By this time, the RBC has more than 1,600 branches, and 10 million personal, business, government, and financial institutions clients throughout the world. Further, the RBC had leaded several surveys and ranked highest of any financial institution in Canada. A 1996 survey selected the RBC as the best-managed corporation in CanadaRead MoreBusiness Enterprise and Innovation in Thailand2899 Words   |  12 PagesThailand Abstract The following ages focus on analyzing the innovation process in Thailand. The Introduction reveals the points of view that this paper intends to address. This is followed by a section that describes important issues about the business environment in Thailand, in order to understand the factors that affect companies activity in this country. The Innovation process in Thailand presents some of the most important characteristics of the Thai innovation process. The Recommendations sectionRead MoreRoyal Bank of Canada In Thailand Case Study3298 Words   |  14 Pagesfinally sealed when the International Monetary Fund (IMF) intervened and started a 16.7 billion dollar bailout funding program to help Thailand recover from the financial crisis. This was the largest bailout fund since the Mexican peso crisis in 1992. Mark Bielarczyk, Country Manager for the RBC knew that opening an office in an emerging market, such as Asia, required patience and persistence. Some of the challenges in eme rging markets especially in Asia are: volatility in economic growth, poor informationRead MoreAn Analysis of the Current Business Environment in Thailand3062 Words   |  12 PagesAnalysis of the Current Business Environment in Thailand Executive Summary Trade relations between Thailand and Australia have steadily increased over the years, and the two countries recently celebrated 60 years of bilateral trade. The strong ties that exist between Australia and Thailand have been further strengthened in recent years through a series of free trade initiatives, reduced or eliminated tariffs and, prior to 2003, through the provision of Australian economic development advisors toRead MoreComprehensive Report on Global Staffing Strategies3215 Words   |  13 Pagesresources spent on health care. This paper will cover the definition of medical tourism, Thailand’s country information, human resources challenges, cultural and regulatory factors, organizational effectiveness, recruitment information, changes in organizational structure, and critical point of view. Medical Tourism Medical tourism is the swiftly growing practice of traveling across international borders to obtain health care. Services usually sought by travelers include complex specializedRead MoreMarketing Plan For The National Innovation Agency ( Nia )3820 Words   |  16 Pagesinitial strategy was to target areas with less competition, but by 2007 had become so credible they could enter the market and actively take on any competition. Come 2009 their largest customer was a government agency which enabled i+Med to overwhelm Thailand’s rapid testing market. Partnering with the National Innovation Agency (NIA) i+Med was able to diversify its product line and become the sole patent owner for two innovative new products. CD4 SELECT is a cheap method to determine the total numberRead MoreDeveloping Emerging Market Countries Are Risky Or Not?1469 Words   |  6 Pagesbased on facts gathered from reliable sources. †¢ Answer the question 2. Current situations FDI flows to EMSs recently have decreased considerably compared to those in 1990s with regard of potential risks in EMSs. However, as time passes by, emerging market has become an important part of the international economy. Asia countries are the predominant location for FDI. China and India remain the two big countries that receive FDI sources. Because of low labor cost and low input cost, many investors areRead MoreStrategic Expansion Strategy : Hilton Worldwide Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagescommonality between both statements is the mention of the words â€Å"earth† and â€Å"world† which means Hilton Worldwide seeks to have a strong international company, yet only 20% of their hotels resorts are located outside the United States. Expanding to Thailand will allow Hilton Worldwide to meet both their mission and vision statements. Hilton Worldwide implementing international expansion will have various implications. Opening a Canopy in Thailand will not change the overall target market for Canopies inRead MoreCompany Overview: Thai Airways International4636 Words   |  19 Pagesregularly done by means of joint marketing with other airline companies. Nevertheless, concern has been brought up regarding the risks of getting bigger way too quickly. In specific, speedy growth could be doing more harm than help to the airline company. Basically, it could lead to a loss of control and also to some important stock that they have accumulated. To even please Thailands increasing Muslim minority, and foreign passengers who are following the Islamic faith, it was decided that all kinds ofRead MoreMost Important Factors of Tesco Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesImportant Factors of Tesco Tesco first launched their international expansion in 1994. After 11 years their sales have grown to contributing 20%( £7 billion) of the total turnover has been from overseas sales. The success of Tesco expansion overseas has mainly been down to the strategy of seeking out

Tragedy and the Common Man - 1191 Words

Argumentative Essay based on Article â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† In Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† Miller mentions tragedy as man’s struggle to gain his â€Å"rightful† position in his society, and whoever that character may be—king or common man—that character is eventually brought down by his or her tragic flaws and that’s what makes that character a tragic hero. In the past, there have been many tragic heroes which can relate to Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† in both past works of literature and in actual history itself. Throughout history there have been many fallen heroes who have been key subjects to be known in essence as â€Å"tragic heroes.† Famous tragic heroes†¦show more content†¦Throughout history there have been many fallen heroes who have been key subjects to be known in essence as â€Å"tragic heroes.† Famous tragic heroes such as King Leonidas I, Marcus Junius Brutus, and Willy Lowman all have one thing in common—they all died because they let their flaws take over their minds. Whether it be a Roman Civil War, a Battle in Thermopylae, or even the â€Å"Death of a Salesman,† Arthur Miller’s essay tries to bring the connection between the common man and tragedy together, as well as separate the differences between Kings and commoners. One doesn’t have to be a Roman Senator or a Greek legend, because in final reference to Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy, then, is the consequence of a man’s total compulsion to evaluate himself justly,† and whether king or commoner, conqueror or beggar, every man and woman on this earth is equally susceptible to meet their demise if their tragic flaws take control ofShow MoreRelatedTragedy and Common Man by Arthur Miller1559 Words   |  7 PagesTragedy and the Common Man by Arthur Miller In this age few tragedies are written. It has often been held that the lack is due to a paucity of heroes among us, or else that modern man has had the blood drawn out of his organs of belief by the skepticism of science, and the heroic attack on life cannot feed on an attitude of reserve and circumspection. For one reason or another, we are often held to be below tragedy-or tragedy above us. The inevitable conclusion is, of course, that the tragic modeRead MoreTragedy And The Common Man By Arthur Miller1675 Words   |  7 PagesIn Arthur Miller’s Essay entitled â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† the author states, â€Å"I believe that the common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in his highest sense as kings were.† (Miller 14) The author deems that each individual had tragedies particularly the common man who dealt with it in his lifetime. He contends that tragedy possibly will also depict ordinary people in domestic surroundings. Miller had a new view of tra gedy in which he saw tragic experience as impartial of widespread ethicalRead MoreTragedy And The Common Man By Arthur Miller2260 Words   |  10 PagesIn his essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† Arthur Miller redefines the genre of tragedy and the tragic hero. Miller defines a tragedy as a person struggling against an injustice in the world around him to, which he responds forcefully. Miller states that the â€Å"wound from which the inevitable events spiral is the wound of indignity, and its dominant force is indignation† (144). The wound originates from the injustice in the environment, but it is perceived by the character as an â€Å"indignation† or otherRead More Death of a Salesman is a Tragedy as Defined in Millers Tragedy and the Common Man1046 Words   |  5 PagesDeath of a Salesman is a Tragedy as Defined in Millers Tragedy and the Common Man In Tragedy and the Common Man, Arthur Miller discusses his definition and criteria for tragedy as they apply to the common man. The criteria and standards proposed by Miller may be used to evaluate his timeless work, Death of A Salesman. The first major standard of tragedy set forth is:   â€Å"...if the exaltation of tragic action were truly a property of the high-bred character alone, it is inconceivable thatRead MoreDeath of a Salesman vs. Tragedy and the Common Man1220 Words   |  5 PagesIt makes little sense that tragedy should only pertain to those in high ranks. As explained in his essay Tragedy and the Common Man, Arthur Miller establishes the pattern for his own notion of a tragedy and the consequent ramifications for the tragic hero. This pattern supports the central idea that a tragedy can occur for characters who are common men as well as those in high places. Throughout his paper, Miller demonstrates that it should be possible for every reader to be able to identify withRead MoreTragedy And The Common Man Vs Death Of A Salesman1953 Words   |  8 Pagessocial standing of the two protagonists concerns the common man. A typical criteria of a tragic hero examines the plight of kings. However, Willy a nd Shelly do not come from an aristocratic background. Rather, their nobility lies in past achievements of success in their respective careers. Miller suggests in â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† that tragedy is not limited only to kings, explaining, â€Å"I believe that the common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were.† Willy LomanRead MoreThe Common Man in a Millerian Tragedy: A Study of Miller’s Conventions in a Millerian Tragedy673 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"I believe that the common man is as apt a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were† ( Tragedy and the Common Man). Arthur Miller follows his Millerian conventions of tragedy in the writing of The Crucible. Often literature uses tragedy to display a depressing theme represented by the tragic hero. Miller uses the conventions of self-recognition and the common man to complete his tragedy in The Crucible. Miller defines recognition to be the â€Å"need of man to wholly realize himself isRead MoreIn Arthur Miller’S â€Å"Tragedy And The Common Man,† He States1621 Words   |  7 PagesIn Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† he states that â€Å"the underlying struggle is that of the individual attempting to gain his rightful position in his society†. The most devastating tragedy occurs when a man dedicates his life to achieving success, but his complete misunderstanding of the properties of the upper class has been leading him down a path of defeat. In The Great Gatsby, author Scott F. Fitzgerald illustrates the life of a tragic character who makes the wrong assumptionsRead MoreEssay on Common Man Tragedy in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1778 Words   |  8 Pages The idea of dramatic tragedy is a classical one, discuss ed in Aristotles Poetics. Before it can be established as to whether Miller really has written a tragedy or not, the very concept of tragedy must be investigated. Aristotle asserted, Tragedy is a representation, an imitation, of an action.1? He went on to outline the common features tragic drama must have. Tragedy has six elements, which, in order of importance, are: plot, character, thought, music, language, and spectacle. The plot requiresRead More Analysis of veiwpoints on tragedy Essay864 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of veiwpoints on tragedy The question of what defines tragedy has been an issue addressed by several different literary minds since the day of Aristotle, the first person to define tragedy. When Aristotle first defined tragedy he believed tragedy was something reserved for a person of noble stature. He said this person was eventually brought down by a tragic flaw, hence the term tragedy. Robert Silverberg agrees with Aristotle’s views on tragedy, but other authors don’t accept

Psychological and Behavioral Approaches to Cancer Pain Management

Question: Discuss about the Psychological and Behavioral Approaches to Cancer Pain Management. Answer: Research aim To examine the evidences for psychological factors that affect pain among the cancer patient from diagnosis through treatment and long-term survival or end of life PICO question Does the pain of cancer can be reduced by using psychological and cognitive behavioral treatment better than therapeutic treatment? P (problem) Pain of cancer I (intervention) Psychological treatment and Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for cancer pain C (comparison) Psychological treatment better than therapeutic treatment O (outcome) Reduction of pain Table 1: PICO template (Source: Author) Evidence base analysis through PICO: Pain of cancer The cancer pain is much chronic in nature and mostly arises due to the tumor pressing upon the bones, nerves or other organs in the body. The pain sensations could also be attributed to the aggressive chemotherapy that the person is exposed to. The chemotherapy drugs have been seen to cause numbness and tingling of the feet and hands or results in a burning sensation at the site of the infection (Roditi Robinson, 2011). The pain suffered in cancer could be further divided into acute and chronic pain. In this context, having a surgery as part of the cancer treatment can result in acute pain in the patients. However, the pain could be controlled with the intake of medicines and subsides once the wound heals. The chronic pain however occurs due to the tumor enlargement, which builds upon a huge amount of pressure against the organs or the nervous tissues. Psychological intervention and CBT for cancer pain In this regard, 25% of the newly diagnosed cancer patients have complained of pain. Similarly, 60% to 90% patients with advanced stages of cancer have complained of severe pain. The emergence of the pain have been mostly related to medical and consecutive surgical approaches, which results in greater time of wound healing. Additionally, some of the cancer medicines have been seen to cause a number of side effects in people such as chronic constipation and nausea. Moreover, reports and evidences have shown a strong correlation between the fear and anxiety for cancer and acute pain in the patients have been found. As commented by Eccleston, Morley Williams (2013), the psychological interventions can also reduce the percentage of negative feelings such as depression, anxiety and fear in the patient. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) The cognitive behavioral therapy helps the patients in managing their pain. The CBT is a four step process which initially begins with pain education (Ehde, Dillworth Turner, 2014). Here, pain education refers to the practice of making the patient aware of the all the physical, emotional and sensory factors which contributed to the feeling of pain in the patients. The second step is to provide the patients with sufficient knowledge or skills which would help them in management of their pain. The third step lies in the application if the skills in a dummy situation so that they can cope with similar real situations in the future. The final step is to allow the patients maintain the skills for coping with similar pain relapses in the future. Comparison of psychological treatment with therapeutic treatment The treatment methods for cancer follow an aggressive pattern where the patients have to undergo regular chemotherapy sessions. The medicines for cancer often results in severe side effects in the patients such as indigestion, nausea, constipation. Therefore, the therapeutic approaches have a considerable amount of limitations. However, the psychological support results in provision of greater amount of support to the patients and their respective families. Therefore, the nurses or the care professionals looking after the cancer patients need to be more empathetic in their approach and behavior towards the patients. Pain reduction A strong correlation has been found between chronic sickness and presence of mood disorders in an individual. The fear of dying early and the ambitions of life can led to feelings of depression or anxiety in an individual (Syrjala et al., 2014). Therefore, undertaking cognitive behavioral approach can help in educating the patients regarding the aspects of pain management and development of a positive perception within the patients. Search strategy The search was done from the online database sources such as Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane library and CINAHL. The keywords used are cancer, cancer pain, pain management, psychological treatment, psychological factors and cognitive behavioral treatment The limitations of the search was the journals must be peer reviewed, language must be English, year of publishing must be from 2013-2017. Methods Some methods are done which are effective, those includes education, cognitive behavioral approaches and hypnosis. These methods have been tested in patients suffering from cancer and long-term survivors (Denlinger et al., 2014). Literature review According to Cascella, Cuomo Viscardi (2016), they are researching about the intensity of chronic pain is a common and costly issue that evades sufficient treatment. They are doing the research by checking on the mental models that have been utilized to conceptualize unending painpsychodynamic, behavioral (respondent and operant), and subjective behavioral (Cheville Basford, 2014). Significantly, they separated the intellectual behavioral point of view from subjective and behavioral strategies. The results that were obtained are support and idea of worsening of side effects due to cancer which causes the chronic pain. The systems are altogether outfitted to cultivating discretion and self-administration that will urge a patient to supplant their sentiments of lack of involvement, reliance, and sadness with movement, freedom, and genius (Paice Von Roenn, 2014). According to Ogbeide Martin (2016), pain is a normal and a perplexing background among patients with tumor. The motivation behind this audit is to give a judicious to a clinician's part in growth pain administration and a guide for doing as such in light of an examination of the present disease pain writing. They are conducting the research by doing a survey that was led utilizing the search terms: growth pain, non-pharmacological mediations and agony administration. Associate checked on articles (distributed in the year 2000-2015) in which the writers approached the full-connected content, books, and sites were incorporated. In this they had concluded the role of the clinical worker managing the pain. As per Dame Cicely Saunders, pain of cancer is an "immense pain" on the grounds that the patient's pain encounter has physical, enthusiastic, social, and profound measurements. A total of 451 hits were selected of which 53 were essential and taken for this review. These were then dealt with into the going with focuses: complex threat torment issue, ebb and flow development physiological medications, and the multifactorial model of tumor pain, interventions and psychosocial assessment obstacles to treatment, and clinical repercussions that influence the possible destiny of behavioral intercessions as a component of illness treatment. It was concluded that each patient with cancer has an extraordinary agony encounter that is formed by biopsychosocial factors (Novy Aigner, 2014). According to Cassileth and Keefe (2010), integrative oncology is the combination of standard growth care and confirmation based reciprocal treatments. Integral systems incorporate back rub treatments, needle therapy, wellness, and mind body procedures, which exploit the complementary connection between the psyche and body. Neuropathic agonyand pain all the for the most partwill be a piece of an unpredictable procedure including the entire physical and psychosocial being (Glare et al., 2014). Eccleston, Morley Williams (2013), are researching that psychological treatments are a base of management of pain and a suggested highlight of a cutting edge pain treatment benefit. They are conducting efficient surveys for the confirmation of mental intercessions are looked into in this article. Results show that the change in agony, state of mind, and incapacity, changes not accomplished by possibility or by introduction to some other treatment (Zaza Baine, 2002). Research proposal Cancer Pain Management: Implications for Psychologists Abstract: Pain is a normal experience among those determined to have growth. The beginning of agony might be the underlying concern displayed by a patient to their therapeutic supplier, endless supply of the wellspring of that pain, prompts a tumor conclusion (Rao et al., 2015). It is evaluated that 33% of recently analyzed growth patients encounter pain (Kiserud et al., 2014). This rate develops to 60-80% as infection and treatment difficulties cause an expanded frequency of pain. Notwithstanding the organic instruments, mental and social elements can altogether affect tumor pain. Truth be told, another command from the American College of Surgeons' Commission on Cancer requires malignancy focuses to screen patients for psychosocial trouble (Johannsen et al., 2013). Purpose The reason for this hypothetical survey is to give a structure and manual for therapists working with patients encountering tumor with the objective of upgrading the appraisal and administration of malignancy pain. Given that this survey is composed for clinicians who may need pertinent medicinal information, an outline of complex pain from cancer disorders and noninvasive treatments is likewise given. Aim To examine the evidences for psychological factors that affect pain among the cancer patient from diagnosis through treatment and long-term survival or end of life. Research questions What are the psychological factors related to pain during the treatment; psychological and behavioral interventions; reduction of pain during treatment; psychological factors during survival; clinical implications of pain throughout the survival; pain and psychological factors at the end of life (Lee et al., 2015). Methods The literature review search was being done by using the given databases from the sites named PsycArticles, PsychInfo, SocIndex, and Medline Plus. The search terms used are as follows: cancer pain, non-pharmacological interventions, managing the pain (Syrjala et al. 2014). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mental or behavioral mediations focusing on growth pain have exhibited clinically important impact sizes. A current meta-examination of psychosocial intercessions for pain, for instance, discovered 37 contemplates deserving of consideration; half were instruction centered. Conclusion Thus it can be concluded that, there is developing confirmation that mental factors, for example, abnormal amounts of trouble or agony catastrophizing can increase the seriousness and effect of pain in patients with cutting edge malady. Lamentably, most examinations depend on cross-sectional outlines, making it hard to decide whether mental elements prompt expanded pain or the other way around. Gradually the increase in the proof of the impacts of mental factors on pain has increased the enthusiasm for mental mediations that decrease the pain experienced by patients with cutting edge ailment. In spite of the fact that there is solid proof from RCTs that abilities based preparing in pain adapting procedures and mesmerizing can diminish pain in patients with cutting edge sickness. References Cascella, M., Cuomo, A., Viscardi, D. (2016). Psychological, Behavioral, and Rehabilitation Approaches to Cancer Pain Management. In Features and Management of the Pelvic Cancer Pain (pp. 143-149). Springer International Publishing. Cassileth, B. R., Keefe, F. J. (2013). Integrative and behavioral approaches to the treatment of cancer-related neuropathic pain. The oncologist, 15(Supplement 2), 19-23. Cheville, A. L., Basford, J. R. (2014). Role of rehabilitation medicine and physical agents in the treatment of cancer-associated pain. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1691-1702. Denlinger, C. S., Ligibel, J. A., Are, M., Baker, K. S., Demark-Wahnefried, W., Friedman, D. L., ... Kvale, E. (2014). Survivorship: pain version 1.2014. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 12(4), 488-500. Eccleston, C., Morley, S. J., Williams, A. D. C. (2013). Psychological approaches to chronic pain management: evidence and challenges. British journal of anaesthesia, 111(1), 59-63. Eccleston, C., Morley, S. J., Williams, A. D. C. (2013). Psychological approaches to chronic pain management: evidence and challenges. British journal of anaesthesia, 111(1), 59-63. Ehde, D. M., Dillworth, T. M., Turner, J. A. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for individuals with chronic pain: Efficacy, innovations, and directions for research. American Psychologist, 69(2), 153. Glare, P. A., Davies, P. S., Finlay, E., Gulati, A., Lemanne, D., Moryl, N., ... Syrjala, K. L. (2014). Pain in cancer survivors. Journal of clinical oncology, 32(16), 1739-1747. Johannsen, M., Farver, I., Beck, N., Zachariae, R. (2013). The efficacy of psychosocial intervention for pain in breast cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast cancer research and treatment, 138(3), 675-690. Kiserud, C. E., Dahl, A. A., Loge, J. H., Foss, S. D. (2014). Cancer survivorship in adults. In Psycho-Oncology (pp. 103-120). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kwon, J. H. (2014). Overcoming barriers in cancer pain management. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1727-1733. Lee, Y. P., Wu, C. H., Chiu, T. Y., Chen, C. Y., Morita, T., Hung, S. H., ... Tsai, J. S. (2015). The relationship between pain management and psychospiritual distress in patients with advanced cancer following admission to a palliative care unit. BMC palliative care, 14(1), 69. Lossignol, D. A. (2013). Psychological interventions to reduce pain in patients with cancer. Current opinion in oncology, 25(4), 368-372. Marie, N., Luckett, T., Davidson, P. M., Lovell, M., Lal, S. (2013). Optimal patient education for cancer pain: a systematic review and theory-based meta-analysis. Supportive Care in Cancer, 21(12), 3529-3537. Novy, D. M., Aigner, C. J. (2014). The biopsychosocial model in cancer pain. Current opinion in supportive and palliative care, 8(2), 117-123. Ogbeide, S., Fitch-Martin, A. (2016). Cancer Pain Management: Implications for Psychologists. Psychology, Community Health, 5(1), 61-79. Paice, J. A., Von Roenn, J. H. (2014). Under-or overtreatment of pain in the patient with cancer: how to achieve proper balance. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 32(16), 1721-1726. Roditi, D., Robinson, M. E. (2011). The role of psychological interventions in the management of patients with chronic pain. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 4, 4149. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S15375. [Accessed on 26 Oct. 2017] Shen, M. J., Redd, W. H., Winkel, G., Badr, H. (2014). Associations among pain, pain attitudes, and pain behaviors in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Journal of behavioral medicine, 37(4), 595-606. Syrjala, K. L., Jensen, M. P., Mendoza, M. E., Yi, J. C., Fisher, H. M., Keefe, F. J. (2014). Psychological and behavioral approaches to cancer pain management. Journal of clinical oncology, 32(16), 1703-1711. Turk, D. C., Swanson, K. S., Tunks, E. R. (2018). Psychological approaches in the treatment of chronic pain patientswhen pills, scalpels, and needles are not enough. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 53(4), 213-223. Usha Rani, M. R., Raghavendra Rao, M., HCG, B. (2015). Role of Non Pharmacological Interventions In Cancer Pain. JOURNAL OF ONCO ANAESTHESIA, 32. Zaza, C., Baine, N. (2002). Cancer pain and psychosocial factors: a critical review of the literature. Journal of pain and symptom management, 24(5), 526-542.

Notre Dame Cathedral Essays - Joan Of Arc, Notre Dame De Paris

Notre Dame Cathedral Notre Dame, french expression for "Our Lady, the Virgin Mary", is the most famous catholic cathedral and a very well-known landmark in Paris. It is otherwise known as the Cathedrale de Notre Dame de Paris by the French. It stands on the Ile de la cite, a larger of two islands in the Seine River. It is considered a masterpiece of gothic architecture in France. Maurice de Sully was the bishop of Paris at the time, and started the cathedral's construction in 1163. The construcion and design were done by the best artists around and was completed around 1345. Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil oversaw and directed the construction. It was not finished until the beginning of the 13th century. During the Revolution (the 1700's), it was heavily destroyed by mobs, however, it was restored beginning in 1841 by Viollet le Duc. He added chimeras and gargoyles to the tower walls. The chimeras were being built as decoration, and the gargoyles as rain gutters. The facade of the cathedral is composed of several levels crowning three great portals: the Portal of the Last Judgement, the Portal to the Virgin, and the Portal to Saint Anne. Above this is the Gallery of Kings, which consists of 28 statues of kings of Judah and Israel. Every year about 500,000 visitors make the climb of the 380-stepped stairway that leads to the peak of the cathedral. Their reward for making the long climb is a great view of Paris and a look at "Emmanuel", the 13 ton bell. The bell was operated by pedals that required the energy of 8 men, but today, "Emmanuel" is rung electronically. The Rose Window is one of the only original stained-glass windows left in the cathedral. Most of the windows were removed and rebuilt after World War 2. These are a wonderful and beautiful part of the cathedral. Notre Dame is the setting for the famous film "The Hunchback of Notre Dame". The cathedral itself is 130 meters long, 48 meters wide, and 35 meters tall. Although many other cathedrals have been designed to recreate the structure of Notre Dame, the cathedral in Paris is still considered the original materpiece of Gothic Art.

The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example Essay Example

The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example Paper The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Introduction Francis Macomber became the centre of humiliation after displaying his cowardice in front of his wife, Margot, and the Safari hunter, Robert Wilson. The three had gone to hunt down a lion from which Macomber had fled with fright while Wilson had shot it. As a result, Margot even slept with Wilson, whom she considered a better man, that very night. After resolving his actions, in order to demonstrate his bravery, Macomber managed to shoot three buffaloes the next day and stood ground while facing a charging beast. Just as he was enjoying his moment of becoming a man, Margot shot him in his head either because she was trying to protect him or she loathed her husband transforming into a powerful man. That explained why Francis Macomber had a happy but a very short life. Context Third person omniscient narrator Unbiased view of each character – Their actions and reactions; contrasting and complex emotions, even those of an animal The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Body Paragraphs Reveals important facts which cannot be done so with a narrow-minded first person view Alternation of narrative – Further insights into thoughts and personality of the characters Lion: â€Å".the lion looked huge.his shoulders heavy, his barrel of a body bulking smoothly.he saw a man figure detach itself from it and he turned his heavy head and swung away.felt the slam of a .30-06 220–grain solid bullet that bit his flank and ripped in sudden hot scalding nausea through his stomach.† Wilson: â€Å"Hope the silly beggar doesn’t take a notion to blow the back of my head off. Women are a nuisance on safari.† An initiation (passage of rite) story in which Macomber realizes that manhood cannot be achieved with wealth and possession but only with overcoming dangers and challenging nature sufferings, in this case, hunting; killing threatening wild beasts on the African safari. Setting African safari – A dangerous area where tourists enjoy hunting in order to display their strength and courage as men; Irony for Francis Macomber. These tourists are mostly white men (Americans) who have come to invade the territory of the African wildlife – racism. Familiarity of the setting since Hemmingway himself went on a safari around 1935-36. An American couple away from the luxuries and conveniences of American life, facing a beautiful foreign landscape full of dangers and threats. Plot Conflict: Francis Macomber’s humiliation for fleeing from the lion – Reader abhors Macomber’s cowardice, agreeing with Margot. Climax: Macomber’s recollection of the embarrassing moment, negation of himself and his resolve to change – Reader sympathizes with him while despising Margot. Resolution: Macomber’s accession to manhood interrupted by Margot – Reader admires Macomber but immediately gets shocked by his murder by Margot: Daydreams Vs Shock of reality; the hunter becomes the prey. Characters Francis Macomber – Protagonist of the story. A wealthy 35 year old American on a hunt with his wife and an English guide on the African safari. At first, he was seen as a coward. His fear was evident by the way he reacted to his insulting wife who he considered a beauty since he was not courageous enough to chase other beautiful young girls. This became very obvious during the lion chase. Upon hearing the lion roaring at night: â€Å".there was no one to tell he was afraid.† Giving excuses not to confront the lion: â€Å"Can’t we sent the beaters?†, â€Å"What about the gun-bearers?†, â€Å"Why not leave him there?†; He was â€Å"trembling.a pitiful look on his face.† Facing the lion charging at the party: â€Å"The next thing he knew, he was running; running.in panic.toward the stream.† Macomber seems to be on the safari just because hunting is what men usually do but not because of he wants to. However, he undergoes a radical change from a coward ‘American-boy’ to a brave ‘man’ when he stands ground against a charging buffalo. At that moment, he finds pleasure and strongly believes that his life will change; there is a shift in power from his harassing wife, Margot Macomber, to him. â€Å"I feel absolutely different.† â€Å"I’d like to try another lion. I’m really not afraid of them now.† â€Å"Macomber had stood solid and shot for the nose.hitting the heavy horns, splintering and chipping them like hitting a slate roof.† Only when Macomber had finally reached the climax (manhood) of his life, he died at the hands of his wife. Margaret Margot Macomber – Can be considered the antagonist of the story unless the reader sympathizes with her. A beautiful American woman married to Francis Macomber. She was a vicious, selfish, scheming, cold-hearted woman who had married Macomber only because of his money. â€Å"She was an extremely handsome and well-kept woman of the beauty and social position which had, five years before, commanded five thousand dollars as the price of endorsing, with photographs, a beauty product which she had never used.† Margot abhorred her husband’s cowardice and using it as an advantage, cheated on him as a punishment by kissing Robert Wilson, the English hunting guide and even sleeping with him. â€Å"Margot was too beautiful for Macomber to divorce her and Macomber had too much money.† Her infidelity and insults towards Macomber, which had also occurred even before the safari, supported the fact that readers were to dislike her. However, when Macomber metamorphosed into a brave man, she feared that she would lose the power and dominance over him. The very reason was the cause of her husband’s murder. The other reason is to protect him from the charging buffalo. When Macomber was being praised by Wilson, she said with jealousy, â€Å"You’re both talking rot. Ju st because you’ve chased some helpless animals in a motor car you talk like heroes.† â€Å"You’ve gotten awfully brave, awfully suddenly,† she said contemptuously, but her contempt was not secure. She was very afraid of something. Robert Wilson – A character the reader gets closest to. A rugged, handsome English hunting guide. In contrast to Macomber, he is full of experience and has seen lots of men entering manhood during the hunts on the African safari. Despite his admirable character, he is seen to be a womanizer as he usually sleeps with his clients’ wives, even Mrs. Macomber. Still, he remained as a unique, detached character who made clever observations of the American couple, acting as a narrator occasionally. Towards the end of the story, his view that Mrs. Macomber was a cruel yet attractive woman did not change, but he saw Francis’s entry into manhood. He also had a clear understanding why Margot had killed her husband. â₠¬Å"Why didn’t you poison him? That’s what they do in England.† Literary Devices Foreshadowing – The title presents the reader with the knowledge that he is about to witness a certain event of the protagonist which is pleasurable but short. The setting, the wild African safari, indicates that the Francis is about to undergo the challenge of the landscape and its dangerous beasts. Style – Vocabulary and sentence structure is simple, Brief description and focus on dialogues – Lively and refreshing. Hemmingway used the ‘theory of omission’ so that readers can interpret the partial facts that he has written. Irony Fear: Macomber’s cowardice is shifted to Margot when he managed to bring down the buffalo; Margot’s power and dominance is, in turn, lost to Macomber. Predator becomes prey: Macomber hunting lion to demonstrate his courage; Lion chases him displaying his cowardice, Macomber shooting the buffalo to show his br avery; Margot kills him in fear of his confidence. Margot looks down on the men for shooting buffaloes from the car and yet, she kills Macomber from the car herself. Symbolism Car Francis Macomber was sitting at the front seat before he displayed his cowardice, his position was shifted to the rear seat, showing how much his status had sunk. The same thing happened to Margot after she realized that her husband had become a dominant, powerful figure. Associated with fear – an escape route from the threats of the African beasts Animals – Similarity to their human hunters: Macomber fled like a ‘rabbit’ when he faced the ‘lion,’ which was killed despite being the fierce king of the African plains. Macomber, too, was shot dead when he became a brave figure by bringing down a charging ‘buffalo’ (indication of achieving manhood), resembling the lion. Guns – Manliness, Courage, Respect, Survival Robert Wilson has ‘machi ne-gunner’s eyes’ – manly and courageous Francis Macomber is trembling while he holds his gun – coward Themes Flaws of the upper-class American society – Wilson’s racist view of the Macombers is also Hemmingway’s point of view. He thinks they are ‘damned strange people.’ He describes Francis Macomber as an â€Å"American boy-men† (a man acting like a boy) and Margot Macomber as ‘the hardest, the cruelest, the most predatory and the most attractive and their men have softened or gone to pieces nervously as they have hardened. seen enough of their damn terrorism’ (sexual attraction of American women but is disgusted with their infidelity). Men and Masculinity (Courage) – Men prove their masculinity by hunting down ferocious wild animals; Francis Macomber’s initial boyish characteristic (coward and weak) is a contrast to a manly, respectful one of Robert Wilson (courageous and strong). Cour age is intertwined with masculinity and it is the reason to pay one respect and self-worth. Macomber has lacked courage by fleeing from the lion as well as repeating his humiliation. Coming of Age – Macomber gaining courage and power when he discovers true manhood in hunting rather than in wealth. Women and Femininity – The only female character in the story, Margot Macomber, is presented as a mystery; whether her intentions are pitiful or not, or if she has killed Francis â€Å"accidentally.† Still, her beauty and wits which lead to her power and dominance over her husband is a destruction and brings harm to Francis’ masculinity. Violence Physical – Wilson threatens the servants with beatings thinking they would prefer punishment rather than losing money; Hunting down buffaloes from a car; Margot shooting Macomber in the head like hunting down a beast. Psychological – Margot tormenting her husband with her insults and infidelity. Marriage – Margot’s beauty and Macomber’s wealth – Dispute between wife and husband – Margot begins to sleep with other men but Macomber dares not anger her and at the same time, Margot realizes his fear to lose her. Conclusion â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber† is one of Ernest Hemmingway’s short stories in which the protagonist, Francis Macomber, becomes a man which, according to Hemmingway, can be gained by hunting down fierce wild animals. The story has a depressing content, yet, is a very realistic and captivating portrayal of human nature; illusions can be shattered by the shock of reality (demonstrated by immediate end of Francis Macomber’s happy life brought about by his jealous wife, Margot). We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Free Essays on The Slaves And The Slave Owners Views Of Slavery

The Slaves’ and the Slave owners’ Views of Slavery The slavery in the United States is no doubt a shameful history of our country. White people transferred the slaves living in Africa to the New Land and treated them as their property, not as human beings. The living and working conditions of slaves and their food were extremely poor. Those were inhuman conditions in which the slaves had to survive. Endless executions of the slaves made the situation even worse. Slavery was a period of time when one race treated the other race as animals, things, property, but not as people. Unfortunately, not everyone saw the situation as it was in reality at that time. As we can see from many different sources available today, the points of view of slaves and slave owners on slavery were the opposite of each other. That can be seen in various slaves’ and slave owners’ descriptions of slavery. Slaves described their dwellings, food, clothes, labor, and the terrible treatment of slaves by their masters. On the other hand, slave owners described the relationships between slaves and their masters in a very positive way. They argued that slavery is very beneficial for the slaves and the slaves are very happy to live with their masters. Let us now consider both these points of views in details. First of all, let us look at the slaves’ description of the cloth they wore. The clothes supply was as minimum as possible and the quality of the clothes was very bad. Here is how one of the slaves describes it. â€Å"Our dress was of tow cloth; for the children nothing but a shirt; for the older ones a pair of pantaloons or a gown in addition, according to the sex. ... In winter, a round jacket or overcoat, a wool hat once in two or three years, for the males, and a pair of coarse shoes once a year†(Lester 65). This scanty list of items was the only things available to the slaves. Certainly, it was not enough for the people who worked ver... Free Essays on The Slaves' And The Slave Owner's Views Of Slavery Free Essays on The Slaves' And The Slave Owner's Views Of Slavery The Slaves’ and the Slave owners’ Views of Slavery The slavery in the United States is no doubt a shameful history of our country. White people transferred the slaves living in Africa to the New Land and treated them as their property, not as human beings. The living and working conditions of slaves and their food were extremely poor. Those were inhuman conditions in which the slaves had to survive. Endless executions of the slaves made the situation even worse. Slavery was a period of time when one race treated the other race as animals, things, property, but not as people. Unfortunately, not everyone saw the situation as it was in reality at that time. As we can see from many different sources available today, the points of view of slaves and slave owners on slavery were the opposite of each other. That can be seen in various slaves’ and slave owners’ descriptions of slavery. Slaves described their dwellings, food, clothes, labor, and the terrible treatment of slaves by their masters. On the other hand, slave owners described the relationships between slaves and their masters in a very positive way. They argued that slavery is very beneficial for the slaves and the slaves are very happy to live with their masters. Let us now consider both these points of views in details. First of all, let us look at the slaves’ description of the cloth they wore. The clothes supply was as minimum as possible and the quality of the clothes was very bad. Here is how one of the slaves describes it. â€Å"Our dress was of tow cloth; for the children nothing but a shirt; for the older ones a pair of pantaloons or a gown in addition, according to the sex. ... In winter, a round jacket or overcoat, a wool hat once in two or three years, for the males, and a pair of coarse shoes once a year†(Lester 65). This scanty list of items was the only things available to the slaves. Certainly, it was not enough for the people who worked ver... Free Essays on The Slaves' And The Slave Owner's Views Of Slavery The Slaves’ and the Slave owners’ Views of Slavery The slavery in the United States is no doubt a shameful history of our country. White people transferred the slaves living in Africa to the New Land and treated them as their property, not as human beings. The living and working conditions of slaves and their food were extremely poor. Those were inhuman conditions in which the slaves had to survive. Endless executions of the slaves made the situation even worse. Slavery was a period of time when one race treated the other race as animals, things, property, but not as people. Unfortunately, not everyone saw the situation as it was in reality at that time. As we can see from many different sources available today, the points of view of slaves and slave owners on slavery were the opposite of each other. That can be seen in various slaves’ and slave owners’ descriptions of slavery. Slaves described their dwellings, food, clothes, labor, and the terrible treatment of slaves by their masters. On the other hand, slave owners described the relationships between slaves and their masters in a very positive way. They argued that slavery is very beneficial for the slaves and the slaves are very happy to live with their masters. Let us now consider both these points of views in details. First of all, let us look at the slaves’ description of the cloth they wore. The clothes supply was as minimum as possible and the quality of the clothes was very bad. Here is how one of the slaves describes it. â€Å"Our dress was of tow cloth; for the children nothing but a shirt; for the older ones a pair of pantaloons or a gown in addition, according to the sex. ... In winter, a round jacket or overcoat, a wool hat once in two or three years, for the males, and a pair of coarse shoes once a year†(Lester 65). This scanty list of items was the only things available to the slaves. Certainly, it was not enough for the people who worked ver...

Possibilities of God Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Possibilities of God - Term Paper Example rinciple, which will serve as his foundational or first principle for understanding human nature.2 Herein, I take Humes empiricist principle to mean that true knowledge must be derived from sensory experience alone. Thus, â€Å"trying to go beyond perceptions, as metaphysics must, inevitably involves going beyond anything that can have cognitive content† (Morris, â€Å"David Hume†). However, if one were to take the empiricist principle itself, questioning its own validity, then one would come to understand that it fails to answer to itself, for Hume’s theory of meaning itself is not readily traceable to an empirical impression on which it depends. Therefore, Hume’s principle is meaningless (Groothuis 5). The problem I will address in this paper then is: where does the impression of Hume’s idea of the copy principle lie? In this essay, I shall defend the veracity of Hume’s principle from the aforementioned criticism. For despite such criticism , Hume’s empiricist principle nevertheless remains to be a valid foundational principle for his philosophy. Hume acknowledges the role of psychology in our process of thinking. In his Enquiry, Hume’s aim was to track patterns in experience or through observation, which would give rise to knowledge and certainty. But where then does the impression of this said principle stem from, since it obviously isn’t derived from any of our sensory perceptions? Since it does not come from our sense perception; it must come from the mind, based on Hume’s explication on the psychological laws of association of ideas. He points out that the idea of necessary connection, i.e. cause and effect, cannot be found in the objects we observe, but resides only in our minds, and hence is simply a habit of the mind; it is but a mere subjective compulsion to relate things by the psychological necessity of associating an idea with another idea. Thus, could it be that he is also subject to the same subjective compulsion when stating his